Historically, cctv security has been a small and relatively specialised sector. Analogue technology has provided few opportunities to increase functionality beyond basic capture of images and sound, to be studied in real-time and stored on video tape or DVD.
This is changing quickly as digital imaging and internet based technologies, such as Video over IP (VoIP), promise dramatic cost reductions while enabling network storage, remote access and value added features such as image analysis and event detection.

Equipment for network based digital security benefits from significant economies of scale by taking advantage of existing consumer multimedia and pc technology. Among these, new generations of networkable security cameras and devices such as digital video recorders (DVRs) are emerging, using consumer oriented SoCs and software to deliver advanced functionality at highly competitive prices.

Since images can be distributed over lans, wans or the internet, infrastructure costs are reduced compared to conventional analogue cctv systems that require high grade coaxial cable. Where dedicated wiring is necessary, this can be implemented using Ethernet cable. Moreover, Power over Ethernet (PoE) technology can save the need for a separate power source for the camera, not only simplifying design, but also speeding installation and allowing cameras to be positioned wherever they are required.

At the same time, IP transport increases the potential reach of a video surveillance system: security images can be viewed at the desktop, at a remote site or anywhere internet access is available.

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